MICROBODIES
-> They are small, single membrane bound organelles present in both animal and plant cells . They contain enzymes that carry out oxidation reactions ( mainly involving hydrogen peroxide, fats and other molecules).
-> They are not part of the end-membrane system but are formed from endoplasmic reticulum by the self replication .
#STRUCTURE OF MICROBODIES:
A) SHAPE AND SIZE: They are oval or spherical in shape . The diameter is approximately 0.2-1.5 micrometers (10^-6).
B) MEMBRANE: They are surrounded by a single phospholipid membrane that separates internal enzymes from the cytoplasm.
C) MATRIX PART: The matrix contains oxidative enzymes such as catalase, urate oxidase, D- amino acid oxidase and peroxidase .
D) FORMATION: They originate from the endoplasmic reticulum and grow by uptake of specific proteins and lipids .They can also replicate by division similar to mitochondria .
-> The number of micro bodies in a cell depends on the metabolic activity of liver , kidney and plant leaves.
#TYPES OF MICROBODIES:
1) PEROXISOMES:
-> They are found in plants and animals .
-> Main function is to breakdown fatty acids, detoxification of hydrogen peroxide .
2)GLYOXYSOMES:
-> Their main function is conversion of stored fats into sugars.
3)GLYCOSOMES:
->They are found in protozoa .
->Their main function is sugar breakdown in the site of glycolysis.
#IMPORTANCE OF MICROBODIES:
1)Protects the cells from toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
2)Energy production through fat and sugar metabolism.
3)Support germination by converting fats to sugar.
4)Maintain cellular metabolism in plants and animals.
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